Items of the scale correspond to various clinical depression symptoms, such as guilt feeling, sleep disturbance, low energy, anhedonia, and suicidal ideation. Early identification of women at risk of postpartum depression using the. May 26, 2019 download the bengali adaptation of edinburgh postnatal depression scale book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. The epds is easy to administer and has proven to be an effective. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale request pdf. The portable document format pdf redundantly pdf format is a file format developed by adobe in the 1990s to present documents including text formatting and images in a manner independent of application software hardware and operating systems. The english language version of the epds was translated. This might be considered questionable since repeated psychometric studies have shown multidimensionality, which would entail using separate component subscales. This can present implementation challenges, of which we focused on survey layout and technology deployment. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds was developed in scotland at health centers in livingston and edinburgh. Screening for postpartum depression using kurdish version of. Please select the answer that comes closest to how you have felt in the past 7 days.
On the back of the fact sheet is the edinburgh postpartum depression scale epds, a depression screen that can be done with a woman or can be provided to a woman to complete on her own. The 10item validated selfreport instrument assesses mothers postpartum depressive symptoms, excluding somatic symptoms of depression. Gene expression profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. A core component of australias national perinatal depression initiative npdi is universal screening of all pregnant women and new mums using the edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds for postpartum. To download information click on the selected language. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds free social.
This study aimed to translate and to test the reliability and validity of the epds in iran. The dependent variable utilized in this study was the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds as it is the most common screening instrument used for the detection of antenatal and postnatal. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds guidelines. Revisiting the dimensional structure of the edinburgh. Accuracy of the whooley questions and the edinburgh. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds pdf file.
This individuals most recent test results indicate likely depression. It is a selfreport questionnaire now used in many countries to screen for postnatal depression. Prevalence and predictors of postpartum depression in. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a questionnaire and was designed as a simple means of screening for postnatal depression in health care settings. The nondiagnostic nature of the epds, its purpose and the fact that it relates to the previous seven days not just that day, should be clearly explained. Validation of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds for screening of major depressive episode among adults from the general population.
Edinburgh perinatalpostnatal depression scale epds. Edinburgh postpartum depression scale epds screening and. Responses were scored 03 indicating the severity of. About the edinburgh postnatal depression scale the epds was developed in the 1980s by john cox, a consultant psychiatrist in the united kingdom, and his colleagues jeni holden and ruth sagovsky. Postnatal depression is poorly identified in the community. As you are having a baby, we would like to know how you are feeling. Download the bengali adaptation of edinburgh postnatal depression scale book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. I have been able to laugh and see the funny side of things 6. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds pdf file 408 kb links to english resource. The epds was developed for screening postpartum women in outpatient, home visiting settings, or at the 6 8 week postpartum examination.
Validation of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds for screening. After extensive pilot interviews a validation study was carried out on 84. Read online the bengali adaptation of edinburgh postnatal depression scale book pdf free download. Factor structure of the japanese version of the edinburgh. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a 10item questionnaire that was developed to identify women who have postpartum depression. However, its potential to detect pcmds in culturally diverse low and lowermiddle income countries lalmics is unclear. Responses were scored 03 indicating the severity of manifestations, with a maximum score of 30. This 10question selfrating scale has been demonstrated to be an efficient and. Implementation of depression screening in antenatal clinics. During the postpartum period, women are vulnerable to depression affecting about 10 to 20%.
However, there is not any mexican version of the epds that had been validated. Since 2011, australian clinical guidelines recommend universal antenatal screening of pregnant women with the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds the new. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is widely used in many countries to screen women for depression in the perinatal period. Dec 23, 2019 the arabic version of the wellknown validated edinburgh postnatal depression scale questionnaire 17,18,19 was used to measure postpartum depression. Jun 20, 2011 the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds has been proposed as a onedimensional instrument and used as a single 10item scale. Who recommendations on postnatal care of the mother and newborn. Validation of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale. This is not intended to provide a diagnosis only trained health professionals should do this. The purpose of this form is to provide a standardized tool to assist in identifying health department clients suffering from signs of.
Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds postpartum depression is the most common complication of childbearing. Predictive accuracy of edinburgh postnatal depression scale. The fact sheet can be referred to when discussing maternal depression with women and their families, or used to share information with your colleagues. It is composed of 10 items to assess the mothers emotional experience over the past 7 days. Research article open access the prevalence of suicidal. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds j l cox. Dec 20, 2018 the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is widely used in many countries to screen women for depression in the perinatal period. The 10item edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is the most commonly used screening tool in pregnancy and postpartum. As you are pregnant or have recently had a baby, we would like to know how you are feeling. Perinatal mental disorder is characterized by depression, anxiety, or. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale black dog institute. Prevalence and risk factors for postpartum depression among. Screening for postpartum depression using kurdish version.
May 31, 2015 the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a maternal postnatal depression screening scale developed by cox et al. It has been utilized among numerous populations, including us women and spanishspeaking women in other countries. The cumulative depression score for each participants was calculated. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale client dob weeks pp. Holden, r sagovsky 1987 this 10 item self report measure is designed to screen women for symptoms of emotional distress during pregnancy and the postnatal period. Screening for perinatal depression and predictors of. Prevalence and predictors of postpartum depression in riyadh. Therefore, we sought to validate a spanish translated mexican version of the epds in a population of puerperal mexican women. Early identification of postnatal depression is important in order to minimize adverse outcomes. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds english reproduction of the epds in its entirety is restricted to print version only. Evaluation of the edinburgh post natal depression scale.
The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a widely used screening tool for postpartum. May 10, 2017 mobile devices may facilitate depression screening in the waiting area of antenatal clinics. Detection of postnatal depression the british journal of. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds calculator. I have been able to laugh and see the funny side of things. Therefore, we validated the danish epds against a depression. Read online the bengali adaptation of edinburgh postnatal depression scale book pdf free download link book now. The case definition for probable depression is a score of. Postpartum depression is the most common complication of childbearing. The sensitivity and specificity of two depression screening instruments, the patient health questionnaire9 phq9 11 and the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds 12, were evaluated on a single sample of adults living in the city of pelotas, rs, brazil, and the results have already been published, 14, the objective of the. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a set of 10 screening questions that can indicate whether a parent has symptoms that are common in women with depression and anxiety during pregnancy and in the year following the birth of a child. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale psychology tools. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds was originally created as a unidimensional scale to screen for postpartum depression ppd.
The information in brackets gives the format and file size if known. Holden, r sagovsky 1987 this 10 item self report measure is designed to screen women for symptoms of emotional distress during. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a 10question screening tool that has been validated for the assessment of mood in the early. Screening for postpartum depression using kurdish version of edinburgh postnatal depression scale article in archives of gynecology 2855. It has been utilized among numerous populations including u. The english language version of the epds was translated into persian iranian language and was used in this study. The 10item edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is the most. Depressive symptom scores were evaluated using the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds instrument 36 on six weeks after.
Evaluation of the edinburgh post natal depression scale using. Edinburgh perinatalpostnatal depression scale epds for use between 28 32 weeks in all pregnancies and 6 8 weeks postpartum name. Calculating a score on the edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Successfully screening for perinatal depression would require a screening tool with demonstrated accuracy. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds ucsf fresno. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds, originally developed in britain, is one of the most widely used screening instruments for assessing symptoms of the perinatal common mental disorders pcmds of depression and anxiety. The perinatal clinical practice guidelines recommend that psychosocial assessment and the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds be used by primary care and other health professionals to screen. This 10 question selfrating scale has been proven to be an efficient and effective way. Its 10 polytomous items are summated to an overall score ranging from 030, with cut points to identify the likely presence of depression. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds guidelines postpartum depression ppd is one of the most common complications of the postpartum period. The bengali adaptation of edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds postpartum depression ppd is one of the most common problems women face after having a baby. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. The development of a 10item selfreport scale epds to screen for postnatal depression in the community is described.
Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds 1 the questionnaire below is called the edinburgh postnatal depression scale edps the edps was developed to identify women who may have. The spanish version was developed at the university of iowa based on earlier. The epds is not a diagnostic tool and must always be used in conjunction with clinical assessment. A cutoff score of was considered to indicate probable depression. Using the edinburgh postnatal depression scale meta4rn. Patient health questionnaire9 versus edinburgh postnatal. Nov 29, 2006 the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds has been validated and used successfully in detecting postnatal depression in several language versions in a number of countries. Women are asked to answer each question in terms of the past seven days. Development of the 10item edinburgh postnatal depression scale. However, across studies the psychometric properties and cutoff scores of the epds have varied considerably. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds was developed to assist primary care health professionals in detecting mothers suffering from postpartum depression ppd.
The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a set of 10 screening questions that can indicate whether a parent has symptoms that are common in women with depression and anxiety during. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds was translated and validated in arabic and is widely used in the arab world. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds, originally developed in britain, is one of the most widely used screening instruments for assessing symptoms of the perinatal common mental. This study reappraised the dimensional structure of the epds, with a focus on the extent of factor. Relatively few studies have focused on the validation of psychometric scales measuring depression during pregnancy. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds the epds was developed for screening postpartum women in outpatient, home visiting settings, or at the 6 8 week postpartum examination. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is commonly used as a screening tool but a single, direct question on depression may offer an alternative means of identifying women in need of support. Ppd affects up to 20% of women after having a baby and. Accuracy of the whooley questions and the edinburgh postnatal. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a validated instrument developed specifically to identify women experiencing postnatal depression 4, 5.
Apr 04, 2007 the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a widely used instrument to measure postnatal depression. For these reasons, women of childbearing age can be at high risk for depressive disorder 1. Although there is no clear consensus as to which scale is recommended for screening antepartum depression flynn et al. In 2015, epds screening rates were much higher in the public than the private health care system, and were lower for women who were over 35 years of age, indigenous australians or born overseas, single or separated, or. We assessed the feasibility of using tablet computers to administer a sociodemographic survey, the whooley questions and the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds to 530 pregnant women. This 10 item self report measure is designed to screen women for symptoms of emotional distress during pregnancy and the postnatal period. If your total score is 11 or more, you could be experiencing postpartum depression ppd or anxiety. Note that some pdfs can be quite large and may take several minutes to download. Diagnostic accuracy of the edinburgh postnatal depression. A score of 11 or more was found to be the optimal cutoff for depression according to both dsm5 and icd10 criteria. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds j l cox, j.
To investigate whether the 10item edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds administered antenatally is accurate in predicting postpartum depressive symptoms, and whether a twoitem epds has similar predictive accuracy. Reliability and validity of the edinburgh postnatal. Validation of the edinburgh postpartum depression scale in a. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a 10 item selfrating postnatal depression scale which was developed almost twenty years ago. Validation studies of the edinburgh postnatal depression. Postnatal depression is the most common complication of childbearing affecting from 10 to 20% of women 1, 2, 3.
Validation of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale against. The following is an excerpt of the epds for sample purposes. Edinburgh perinatalpostnatal depression scale epds scoring guide 1. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds j l cox, j m. The simplified edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds for. The study was carried out according to the relevant guidelines.
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